What is a Broadfork?

A broadfork, also known as a U-fork or grelinette, is a tool commonly used in natural farming and permaculture systems, designed to dig, break up, and aerate soil without compacting it.

Unlike traditional digging forks, the broadfork—which typically features four or five curved tines—allows you to loosen soil and break up clumps much more efficiently and with less labor. This makes it an invaluable tool for larger-scale cultivation tasks, such as preparing a planting bed or raised bed for vegetables, flowers, or herbs. It can also be used for turning compost or digging deeper into more compact soils.

On a broader level, the broadfork is often found in no-till farming practices, which strive to preserve soil structure, minimize soil compaction, and improve soil health, as well as reduce dependency on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. The broadfork can also be used to break up groundcover and weeds, and when combined with sheet-mulching techniques, it can help reduce the need for further weeding.

Features of a Broadfork

Typical features of a broadfork include:

• Four or five curved tines, typically 12-24 inches long, ranging from 1.5-4 inches in diameter.
• A long, two-handed handle, typically 4-5 feet in length.
• A broad-bladed tip at the end of the handle to help break up large clumps of soil.
• An adjustable fork-head, which can be positioned at different angles.

How to Use a Broadfork

Broadforks are easy to use, and require minimal setup before you get started. Here’s how to use a broadfork:

1. Cut the sod into squares with a spade or sharp shovel. This will help the broadfork penetrate the soil more easily.
2. Place the forks into the soil, spacing them evenly apart.
3. Gently rock the broadfork back and forth, using the handle to break up and loosen the soil.
4. Repeat the process, working in sections until the soil is sufficiently loosened and aerated.

Benefits of Using a Broadfork

In addition to its ability to minimize soil compaction and improve soil health, the broadfork also offers several advantages over other tools:

• It’s much easier on your body than a spade or shovel. Digging with a broadfork requires much less effort and strain.
• It helps reduce weeds. The broadfork works to break up large clumps of soil, which can help discourage weed growth.
• It’s easy to use. As long as the soil is relatively moist and loose, the broadfork will be easy to use with minimal effort.

Ultimately, the broadfork is a multi-functional tool that can help you cultivate your garden or landscape more efficiently and sustainably. And with its sturdy construction and adjustable tines, it can easily become the mainstay of your gardening arsenal.